Unit 4 - Key Terms for Business Finance

BUSINESS PLAN – a document, usually for a bank manager or potential investors, showing business aims, ownership, key personnel, expected sales revenue and costs etc. to demonstrate to them that it is a safe investment.

SALES REVENUE/TURNOVER – the money value of the sale of products by a business

TRADING ACCOUNT – shows sales turnover, cost of sales and changes in stock

GROSS PROFIT - sales turnover minus cost of sales

PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT – revenue earned and expenses paid by a business

NET PROFIT – gross profit minus expenses

BALANCE SHEET – sources of funds for a business and what they are used for – liabilities and assets

ASSETS – what is owned by a business

LIABILITIES – what is owed by a business

NET CURRENT ASSETS/WORKING CAPITAL – current assets minus current liabilities

RATE OF RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE) -net profit divided by capital employed in the business

CURRENT RATIO – current assets divided by current liabilities – a measure of the liquidity of a business

CASH FLOW FORECAST – a prediction of expected revenues and costs over a period of time


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