The main law in relation to food safety is the Food Safety Act (1990), which provides a framework for food legislation in Britain and creates offences in relation to safety, quality and labelling. Each of the UK countries (Wales, Scotland, England and Northern Ireland) have their own country-specific version of this law.
The main purpose of the law is to make sure that the food people buy to eat is fit for human consumption and will do no harm.
The Food Hygiene Regulations (2006, 2016) ensure that all workers involved in the handling, preparation or provision of food are required by law to have received appropriate training in how to handle food safely. This means that any health and social care organisations such as hospitals, care homes and schools who provide food need to comply with these regulations. It is considered good practice for workers to complete accredited training, especially those whose main role is in preparing food such as kitchen staff. However, the knowledge and skills could be acquired through on-the-job training and/or self-study.
The Food Standards Agency are an independent Government department working across England, Wales and Northern Ireland to protect public health and consumers' wider interests in food. They make sure that food is safe and is what it says on the label.
Watch the following video on this link from the Food Standards Agency to learn more.
https://www.food.gov.uk/about-us/who-we-are
Every person working in a food-handling area must maintain a high level of personal hygiene. The organisation must ensure that strict hygiene rules are followed in order to prevent cross-contamination of food which can lead to ill health.
Employers must also ensure that staff are trained in food hygiene and that essential equipment and cleaning products are available.
Y brif gyfraith mewn perthynas â diogelwch bwyd yw Deddf Diogelwch Bwyd (1990), sy'n darparu fframwaith ar gyfer deddfwriaeth bwyd ym Mhrydain ac yn creu troseddau mewn perthynas â diogelwch, ansawdd a labelu. Mae gan bob un o wledydd y DU (Cymru, yr Alban, Lloegr a Gogledd Iwerddon) eu fersiwn sy’n benodol i’w gwlad eu hunain o'r gyfraith hon.
Prif bwrpas y gyfraith yw sicrhau bod y bwyd y mae pobl yn ei brynu yn addas i'w fwyta gan bobl ac na fydd yn gwneud unrhyw niwed.
Mae'r Rheoliadau Hylendid Bwyd (2006, 2016) yn mynnu bod yn rhaid i bob gweithiwr sy'n ymwneud â thrin, paratoi neu ddarparu bwyd fod wedi cael hyfforddiant priodol ar sut i drin bwyd yn ddiogel. Mae hyn yn golygu bod angen i unrhyw sefydliadau iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol fel ysbytai, cartrefi gofal ac ysgolion sy'n darparu bwyd gydymffurfio â'r rheoliadau hyn. Ystyrir ei bod yn arfer da i weithwyr gwblhau hyfforddiant achrededig, yn enwedig y rhai sy'n bennaf gyfrifol am baratoi bwyd, megis staff y gegin. Fodd bynnag, gallai'r wybodaeth a'r sgiliau gael eu caffael drwy hyfforddiant mewn swydd a/neu hunan-astudio.
Mae'r Asiantaeth Safonau Bwyd yn adran annibynnol o'r Llywodraeth sy'n gweithio ledled Cymru, Lloegr a Gogledd Iwerddon i amddiffyn iechyd y cyhoedd a buddiannau ehangach defnyddwyr mewn bwyd. Maen nhw'n gwneud yn siŵr bod bwyd yn ddiogel a bod yr hyn mae'n ei ddweud ar y label yn wir.
Gwyliwch y fideo canlynol ar y ddolen hon gan yr Asiantaeth Safonau Bwyd i ddysgu mwy.
https://www.food.gov.uk/cy/about-us/pwy-ydym-ni
Rhaid i bob unigolyn sy'n gweithio mewn ardal trin bwyd gynnal lefel uchel o hylendid personol. Rhaid i'r sefydliad sicrhau bod rheolau hylendid llym yn cael eu dilyn er mwyn atal traws-halogi bwyd, sy'n gallu arwain at afiechyd.
Mae'n rhaid i gyflogwyr hefyd sicrhau bod staff yn cael eu hyfforddi mewn hylendid bwyd a bod offer a chynhyrchion glanhau hanfodol ar gael.
Food safety measures are put in place to prevent people getting ill from contamination of food. People receiving care are usually vulnerable individuals who can become very ill if they contract food poisoning.
All organisations must comply with legislation to prevent this from occurring and organisations are inspected to ensure they are complying with the law. The Food Standards Agency (FSA) works closely with Local Authority (LA) Food Safety Officers to ensure businesses comply with food law throughout the food chain.
They have a responsibility to protect the public and are accountable for awarding Food Hygiene Ratings following an inspection. The rating is based on a score from 0 (urgent improvement required) to 5 (excellent hygiene standards). The food hygiene rating therefore is not a guide to food quality, it’s simply based on food hygiene.
When Environmental Health Officers inspect food premises they need to consider:
FSA data shows that over 98% of hospitals and other care providers have achieved a UK food hygiene rating of three or better.
Though this figure is very high it still means that over 500 hospitals and other places that provide care in the UK have failed hygiene and food safety inspections.
The data also shows that more care homes failed the inspection than any other type of establishment. Many nurseries, child care centres and playgroups also failed to meet the required standards.
The main reasons for the failure of many care homes was because of rotten and expired food in fridges. It was noted that in many care homes food storage was poor with raw and cooked food being kept together risking cross-contamination. The cooking equipment was not satisfactory, and a lack of hand-washing facilities and proper documentation were the other main weaknesses.
Rhoddir mesurau diogelwch bwyd ar waith i atal pobl rhag mynd yn sâl o halogiad bwyd. Mae pobl sy'n derbyn gofal fel arfer yn unigolion bregus sy'n gallu mynd yn sâl iawn os ydynt yn cael gwenwyn bwyd.
Mae'n rhaid i bob sefydliad gydymffurfio â deddfwriaeth i atal hyn rhag digwydd ac arolygir sefydliadau er mwyn sicrhau eu bod yn cydymffurfio â'r gyfraith. Mae'r Asiantaeth Safonau Bwyd (FSA) yn gweithio'n agos gyda Swyddogion Diogelwch Bwyd Awdurdodau Lleol (ALl) i sicrhau bod busnesau'n cydymffurfio â chyfraith bwyd ledled y gadwyn fwyd.
Mae ganddynt gyfrifoldeb i amddiffyn y cyhoedd ac maen nhw’n atebol am ddyfarnu Sgoriau Hylendid Bwyd yn dilyn arolygiad. Mae'r sgôr yn seiliedig ar sgôr o 0 (angen gwelliant ar frys) i 5 (safonau hylendid rhagorol). Felly nid yw'r sgôr hylendid bwyd yn ganllaw i ansawdd bwyd, ond mae'n seiliedig ar hylendid bwyd yn unig.
Pan fydd Swyddogion Iechyd yr Amgylchedd yn arolygu safleoedd bwyd, mae angen iddynt ystyried:
Mae data yr FSA yn dangos fod dros 98% o ysbytai a darparwyr gofal eraill wedi cyflawni sgôr hylendid bwyd y DU o dri neu well.
Er bod y ffigur hwn yn uchel iawn, mae'n dal i olygu bod dros 500 o ysbytai a mannau eraill sy'n darparu gofal yn y DU wedi methu archwiliadau hylendid a diogelwch bwyd.
Mae'r data hefyd yn dangos bod mwy o gartrefi gofal wedi methu'r arolygiad nag unrhyw fath arall o sefydliad. Fe wnaeth llawer o feithrinfeydd, canolfannau gofal plant a chylchoedd chwarae hefyd fethu â chyrraedd y safonau gofynnol.
Y prif resymau dros fethiant llawer o gartrefi gofal oedd bod bwyd wedi pydru a'i fod wedi mynd y tu hwnt i’r dyddiad dod i ben mewn oergelloedd. Nodwyd bod y cyfleusterau storio bwyd yn wael mewn llawer o gartrefi gofal a bod bwyd amrwd a bwyd wedi'i goginio yn cael ei gadw gyda'i gilydd gan achosi perygl o draws-halogi. Nid oedd yr offer coginio yn foddhaol, a'r prif wendidau eraill oedd diffyg cyfleusterau golchi dwylo a dogfennaeth briodol.