Promoting core practice in Health and Social Care (Children and Young People) Hybu ymarfer craidd mewn Iechyd a Gofal Cymdeithasol (Plant a Phobl Ifanc)
Principles and values of health and social care - Positive relationships and professional boundaries Egwyddorion a gwerthoedd iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol – Perthnasoedd cadarnhaol a ffiniau proffesiynol

Relationship-centred working is a personalised, partnership approach of forming and maintaining important relationships, as well as recognising the importance of these relationships in the delivery of effective and safe care and support. This includes team members, colleagues, other professionals, the children and young people who need care and support and everyone who is important to them. Their families, friends and advocates, for example, are further supported by relationship centred working.

The relationship-centred approach recognises the importance of the interpersonal and intrapersonal relationships that exist between children and young people and others around them. The relationship forms the context within which care and support takes place.

Mae gwaith perthnasoedd-ganolog yn ddull wedi'i deilwra i ffurfio a chynnal cydberthnasau pwysig yn ogystal â chydnabod pwysigrwydd y cydberthnasau hyn wrth ddarparu gofal a chymorth effeithiol a diogel. Mae hyn yn cynnwys aelodau o'r tîm, cydweithwyr, gweithwyr proffesiynol eraill, yr unigolyn y mae angen gofal a chymorth arnynt a phawb sy'n bwysig iddynt. Er enghraifft, caiff eu teuluoedd, eu ffrindiau a'u heiriolwyr gymorth pellach gan waith sy'n canolbwyntio ar gydberthnasau.

Mae'r dull gweithredu perthnasoedd-ganolog yn cydnabod pwysigrwydd y cydberthnasau rhyngbersonol a phersonol sy'n bodoli rhwng yr plant a’r bobl ifanc ac eraill o'i gwmpas. Y gydberthynas sy'n ffurfio'r cyd-destun ar gyfer darparu gofal a chymorth.

Developing a positive relationship with children and young people, their families and carers in health and social care settings is important. This requires input from team members, colleagues, other professionals who are all stakeholders in meeting the care and support needs of children and young people, their families and their carers. Equally important is the input of the children and young people themselves, their families, friends and advocates. Partnership working through the development of positive relationships ensures a best practice holistic approach in meeting care and support needs.

Positive relationships are based on trust, which is key to ensuring children and young people are safeguarded and receive the care and support they need and request. If a relationship is not positive, children and young people will not feel able to communicate effectively with staff and others, and not able to voice their needs, concerns or preference.

Mae'n bwysig meithrin cydberthynas gadarnhaol gyda plant a phobl ifanc, eu teuluoedd a'u gofalwyr mewn lleoliadau iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol. Er mwyn gwneud hyn, mae angen mewnbwn gan aelodau'r tîm, cydweithwyr a gweithwyr proffesiynol eraill sydd i gyd yn rhanddeiliaid yn y gwaith o ddiwallu anghenion gofal a chymorth y plant a’r bobl ifanc a'u teuluoedd a'u gofalwyr. Mae gweithio mewn partneriaeth drwy feithrin cydberthnasau cadarnhaol yn sicrhau bod anghenion gofal a chymorth yn cael eu diwallu mewn modd holistaidd gan ddilyn yr arfer gorau.

Mae cydberthnasau cadarnhaol yn seiliedig ar ymddiriedaeth, sy'n allweddol er mwyn sicrhau y caiff plant a phobl ifanc eu diogelu a'u bod yn derbyn y gofal a'r cymorth y maent yn gofyn amdanynt ac sydd eu hangen arnynt. Os nad yw cydberthynas yn un gadarnhaol, ni fydd unigolion yn teimlo y gallant gyfathrebu'n effeithiol â staff a phobl eraill, ac ni fyddant yn gallu cyfleu eu hanghenion, eu pryderon a'u dewisiadau.

Relationships are probably the most involved and complicated area of our lives. Effective work relationships are based on professional boundaries, which means that when carers support children and young people with health and care needs, they must:

• show respect for their beliefs, opinions, life experiences and social, cultural and ethnic backgrounds
• shape the way they work around their wishes, expectations and preferences
• support their rights to dignity, choice, privacy, independence, confidentiality, equality and fair treatment
• protect them from harm whilst supporting their right to take risks
• communicate using a method of their choice
• support them in such a way that meets their specific needs.

Balancing these boundaries with the need for relationship-centred working is important in order to achieve effective service delivery. If a child/young person does not feel valued and included, they will not be willing to express their needs, wishes and concerns.

Providing care, building a relationship, knowing the child or young person inside out, can blur boundaries. However, it is important to maintain the professional standards and accountability when at work.

Cydberthnasau yw’r agwedd fwyaf cymhleth ar ein bywydau, fwy na thebyg. Byddwn yn dechrau ffurfio cydberthnasau pan gawn ein geni. Mae cydberthnasau gwaith effeithiol yn seiliedig ar ffiniau proffesiynol, sy’n golygu pan fydd gweithwyr yn cefnogi plant a phobl ifanc ag anghenion iechyd a gofal, rhaid iddynt wneud y canlynol:

• dangos parch tuag at eu credoau, eu barn, eu profiadau bywyd a’u cefndiroedd cymdeithasol ac ethnig
• darparu gwasanaethau yn seiliedig ar eu dymuniadau, eu disgwyliadau a’u dewisiadau
• cefnogi eu hawliau mewn perthynas ag urddas, dewis, preifatrwydd, annibyniaeth, cyfrinachedd, cydraddoldeb a thriniaeth deg
• eu diogelu rhag niwed gan gefnogi eu hawl i gymryd risgiau ar yr un pryd
• cyfathrebu gan ddefnyddio'r dull sydd orau gan yr unigolyn
• eu cefnogi mewn ffordd sy’n diwallu eu hanghenion penodol.

Mae'n bwysig taro cydbwysedd rhwng y ffiniau hyn a'r angen am waith sy'n canolbwyntio ar gydberthnasau er mwyn darparu gwasanaethau'n effeithiol. Os na fydd plentyn/person ifanc yn teimlo ei fod yn cael ei werthfawrogi a'i gynnwys, ni fydd yn fodlon mynegi ei anghenion, ei ddymuniadau a'i bryderon.

Gall darparu gofal, meithrin perthynas, adnabod y plentyn neu’r person ifanc tu chwithig allan, gymylu ffiniau. Fodd bynnag, mae’n bwysig cynnal y safonau proffesiynol a’r atebolrwydd yn y gweithle.

Good practice in health and social care involves staff working in a way that puts the needs of the child or young person they are supporting first so that they receive dignified and safe care.

Unacceptable practice involves the child or young person not receiving appropriate care and treatment and that they feel they are being failed by the system.

Another example of unacceptable practice is when individuals are put at risk and denied services that they are entitled to, being unfairly treated and/or discriminated against and not supported to meet their needs. It could involve taking advantage of individuals for financial gain or asking them to undertake duties they are not trained to do.

Workers must remember they are professionals not ‘friends’ so must act in a professional manner at all times.

Mae arfer da ym maes iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol yn golygu bod staff yn gweithio mewn ffordd sy'n rhoi blaenoriaeth i anghenion y plant a’r bobl ifanc y maent yn eu cefnogi er mwyn iddynt gael gofal urddasol a diogel.

Mae arfer annerbyniol yn golygu nad yw'r plant neu’r person ifanc yn derbyn gofal a thriniaeth briodol a'u bod yn teimlo eu bod yn cael eu methu gan y system.

Enghraifft arall o arfer annerbyniol yw pan fydd unigolion mewn perygl ac yn gwadu gwasanaethau y mae ganddynt hawl i'w cael, yn cael eu trin yn annheg a/neu wedi eu gwahaniaethu yn eu herbyn ac nad ydynt yn cael eu cefnogi i ddiwallu eu hanghenion. Gallai olygu cymryd mantais o unigolion er budd ariannol, neu ofyn iddynt ymgymryd â dyletswyddau nad ydynt wedi'u hyfforddi i'w gwneud.

Mae’n rhaid i’r gweithwyr gofio eu bod yn weithwyr proffesiynol ac nid 'ffrindiau', felly mae'n rhaid iddynt ymddwyn mewn ffordd broffesiynol ar bob adeg.

Unacceptable practices would include:

• sexual contact with an individual using the service
• causing physical harm or injury to individuals
• making aggressive or insulting comments, gestures or suggestions
• seeking information on personal history where it is neither necessary nor relevant
• watching a child or young person undress where it is unnecessary
• sharing own private or intimate information where it is unnecessary
• inappropriate touching, hugging and caressing
• concealing information about a child or young person from colleagues, for example not completing records, colluding with criminal acts
• acceptance of gifts and hospitality in return for better treatment
• spreading rumours or hearsay about a child or young person or others close to them
• misusing an individual’s money or property
• encouraging child or young person to become dependent or reliant for the worker’s own gain
• giving special privileges for ‘favourite children’, for example spending excessive time with someone, becoming over involved, or using influence to benefit one child or young person more than others
• providing forms of care that will not achieve the planned outcome
• providing specialist advice or counselling where the worker is not qualified to do this
• failing to provide agreed care and support for or rejecting a child or young person, for example due to negative feeling about a child or young person
• trying to impose own religious, moral or political beliefs on a child or young person
• failing to promote dignity and respect
• any practices specifically prohibited in relevant legislation, statutory regulations, standards and guidance
• taking a child/young person you support to your own home.

Byddai arferion annerbyniol yn cynnwys:

• cyswllt rhywiol ag unigolyn sy'n defnyddio'r gwasanaeth
• achosi niwed corfforol neu anaf i unigolion
• gwneud sylwadau, ystumiau neu awgrymiadau sarhaus neu ymosodol
• ceisio cael gwybodaeth am hanes personol lle nad yw'n angenrheidiol nac yn berthnasol
• gwylio unigolyn yn dadwisgo pan nad yw'n angenrheidiol
• rhannu gwybodaeth bersonol neu breifat amdanoch chi lle nad yw'n angenrheidiol
• cyffwrdd, cofleidio ac anwesu amhriodol
• cuddio gwybodaeth am unigolion oddi wrth gydweithwyr, er enghraifft peidio â chwblhau cofnodion, cynllwynio mewn gweithredoedd troseddol
• derbyn rhoddion a lletygarwch yn gyfnewid am well triniaeth
• rhannu sibrydion am unigolion neu eraill sy'n agos iddo
• camddefnyddio arian neu eiddo unigolyn
• annog unigolion i ddod yn ddibynnol er budd y gweithiwr ei hun
• cynnig breintiau arbennig i ‘hoff unigolion’, er enghraifft treulio gormod o amser gyda rhywun, dod yn rhy agos, neu ddefnyddio dylanwad er mwyn bod o fudd i un unigolyn yn fwy nag eraill
• darparu mathau o ofal na fyddant yn cyflawni'r canlyniad a gynlluniwyd
• darparu cyngor neu gwnsela arbenigol lle nad yw’r gweithiwr yn gymwysedig i wneud hyn
• methu â darparu gofal a chymorth cytûn i unigolyn, neu ei wrthod, er enghraifft oherwydd teimladau negyddol tuag at unigolyn
• ceisio gwthio eich credoau crefyddol, moesol neu wleidyddol eich hun ar unigolyn
• methu â hyrwyddo parch nac urddas
• unrhyw arferion a waherddir yn benodol mewn deddfwriaeth, rheoliadau statudol, safonau a chanllawiau perthnasol
• mynd â phlentyn/person ifanc yr ydych yn ei gefnogi i’ch cartref.