Contributing to the care and support of individuals living at home Cyfrannu at ofal a chymorth unigolion sy'n byw gartref
Support for individuals to live at home Cefnogi unigolion i fyw gartref

Individuals should be encouraged to continue to live at home for as long as they are able. In order to facilitate this, some individuals may require care and support interventions to enable them to live as independently as possible. This encourages the individual to feel they still have some control over their lives.

Dylid annog unigolion i barhau i fyw gartref am gyhyd ag y gallant. Er mwyn hwyluso hyn, mae'n bosibl y bydd angen ymyriadau gofal a chymorth ar rai unigolion i'w galluogi i fyw mor annibynnol â phosibl. Mae hyn yn annog yr unigolyn i deimlo bod ganddo rywfaint o reolaeth dros ei fywyd.

There are many services that can help individuals stay in their own home for as long as possible.

Home care could include help with the following:

• getting out of bed in the morning, washing and dressing
• using incontinence aids and/or the toilet
• preparing meals and drinks
• support around meals
• picking up prescriptions
• giving, or prompting, to take prescribed medication
• health-related tasks, as agreed with medical practitioners or community nurses
• nursing care from a registered nurse
• shopping
• collecting pensions
• managing and paying bills
• getting out of the house and socialising
• companionship
• getting settled for the evening and going to bed.

Home adaptations include:

• ramps for wheelchairs
• stair lifts
• doors widening to allow wheelchair access
• worktops and sinks lowering to allow access for individuals in a wheelchair
• accessible wet rooms
• walk in baths
• extra handrails
• frames and grab handles around toilets.

Assistive technology could include:

• motion sensor lights
• keypad front door entry
• rise and recline chairs
• adjustable beds
• video-entry phones
• wheelchair lift
• overflow detectors
• vibrating pad smoke alarms
• flashing beacons when the doorbell rings etc.
• text-based phones.

Mae llawer o wasanaethau a all helpu unigolion i aros yn eu cartref eu hunain cyhyd ag y bo modd.

Galla gofal cartref gynnwys cymorth gyda'r canlynol:

• codi o'r gwely yn y bore, ymolchi a gwisgo
• defnyddio cymhorthion anymataliaeth a/neu’r toiled
• paratoi prydau bwyd a diodydd
• cymorth gyda phrydau
• casglu presgripsiynau
• rhoi, neu atgoffa, i gymryd meddyginiaeth ragnoddedig
• tasgau sy'n ymwneud ag iechyd, fel y cytunwyd gydag ymarferwyr meddygol neu nyrsys cymunedol
• gofal nyrsio gan nyrs gofrestredig
• siopa
• casglu pensiynau
• rheoli a thalu biliau
• mynd allan o'r tŷ a chymdeithasu
• cwmnïaeth
• eu gwneud yn gysurus gyda'r nos a'u cynorthwyo i fynd i'r gwely.

Mae addasiadau yn y cartref yn cynnwys:

• rampiau ar gyfer cadeiriau olwyn
• cadeiriau esgyn
• drysau'n lledu er mwyn caniatáu mynediad i gadeiriau olwyn
• gostwng lefel wynebau gweithio a sinciau er mwyn caniatáu mynediad i unigolion mewn cadeiriau olwyn
• ystafelloedd gwlyb hygyrch
• baddonau cerdded i mewn
• rheiliau llaw ychwanegol
• fframiau a dolennau gafael o amgylch toiledau.

Gallai technoleg gynorthwyol gynnwys:

• goleuadau synhwyro symudiadau
• bysellbad i ddrws y tŷ
• cadeiriau codi a mynd yn ôl
• gwelyau cymwysadwy
• ffôn fideo i ganiatáu mynediad
• lifft cadair olwyn
• synwyryddion gorlif
• larymau mwg pad dirgrynu
• goleuadau'n fflachio pan fo cloch y drws yn canu ac ati
• ffonau seiliedig ar destun.

One factor common to all is the need to maintain the independence and control of their own lives and to avoid the idea of feeling institutionalised. There are a number of reasons why an individual may find that they are in need of short term or long term home care:

• individuals with mental health problems may need companionship and support in order to deal with their condition
• mentally disabled individuals may wish to live independently, but will need support with day to day living
• physically disabled individuals may need support with cleaning, meals, personal hygiene etc.
• older individuals may need a wide range of care including support with cleaning, cooking, personal care and medical care
• family may find that they can no longer cope with caring for a loved one
• an individual may be recently bereaved and unable to cope with day to day activities without support
• there may be safeguarding issues that have led the individual to need external care and support.

Un ffactor sy'n gyffredin i bawb yw'r angen i aros yn annibynnol, rheoli bywydau eu hunain ac osgoi'r syniad o deimlo'n sefydledig. Mae nifer o resymau pam y gallai unigolyn weld bod angen gofal cartref tymor byr neu dymor hir arno:

• efallai y bydd angen cwmnïaeth a chymorth ar unigolion â phroblemau iechyd meddwl er mwyn delio â'u cyflwr
• efallai y bydd unigolion ag anabledd meddwl yn dymuno byw'n annibynnol, ond bydd angen cymorth arnynt gyda byw o ddydd i ddydd
• efallai y bydd unigolion ag anabledd corfforol angen cymorth gyda glanhau, prydau, hylendid personol ac ati
• efallai y bydd angen amrywiaeth eang o ofal ar unigolion hŷn, gan gynnwys cymorth i lanhau, coginio, gofal personol a gofal meddygol
• efallai y bydd aelodau o'r teulu yn canfod na allant ymdopi mwyach â gofalu am anwyliaid
• gall unigolyn fod wedi colli rhywun yn ddiweddar ac yn methu ymdopi â gweithgarwch o ddydd i ddydd heb gymorth
• gall fod problemau diogelu sydd wedi arwain yr unigolyn i fod angen gofal a chymorth allanol.

Individuals can benefit from having control over how they live their lives. This will allow them to maintain their preferred routines.

The benefits of being surrounded by personal possessions can aid memories and maintain an individual’s identity. It also allows them to receive visits from their families and friends without restrictions. All of this can contribute to their health and well-being.

Whilst an individual might be able to still carry out some lighter aspects of daily tasks, they may need support with other aspects of their lives. By only having support where it is needed, intervention is as unobtrusive as possible and the individual is able to maintain a sense of privacy and dignity.

For couples who wish to remain together in their own home, but one partner needs high levels of care, live-in care is available. This would allow the couple to focus on maintaining their relationship, whilst professionals provide the care required.

Gall unigolion elwa ar reoli'r ffordd y maent yn byw eu bywydau. Bydd hyn yn caniatáu iddynt gynnal eu trefn ddyddiol ddewisol.

Gall fod o fantais i unigolyn gael ei amgylchynu gan eiddo personol er mwyn ei helpu i gofio a chadw ei hunaniaeth. Mae hefyd yn eu galluogi i dderbyn ymweliadau gan aelodau o'u teulu a'u ffrindiau heb gyfyngiadau. Gall hyn i gyd gyfrannu at eu hiechyd a'u llesiant.

Er y gallai unigolyn barhau i gyflawni rhai agweddau ysgafnach ar dasgau dyddiol, efallai y bydd angen cymorth arno gydag agweddau eraill ar ei fywyd. Wrth ddim ond gael cymorth pan mae ei angen arno, mae ymyriad mor anymwthiol â phosibl a gall yr unigolyn gynnal ymdeimlad o breifatrwydd ac urddas.

Ar gyfer cyplau sy'n dymuno aros gyda'i gilydd yn eu cartref eu hunain, ond mae angen lefelau uchel o ofal ar un partner, mae gofal preswyl ar gael. Byddai hyn yn galluogi'r cwpl i ganolbwyntio ar gynnal eu perthynas, tra bod gweithwyr proffesiynol yn darparu'r gofal sydd ei angen.

There are many types of agencies and professionals that can provide support for individuals in their own homes.

Agencies

• Age UK offer a range of services including befriending services and handyman services.
• Local councils can pay for home adaptations, and for in-home care following a needs assessment.
• NHS Wales offers a continuing healthcare package of care to meet physical and/or mental health needs that have arisen because of disability, accident or illness.
• Palliative care can be offered by agencies such as Macmillan and Marie Curie. They offer overnight nursing care allowing individuals to remain at home rather than go into a hospital or hospice.
• Meals on wheels services can provide individuals with regular, nutritious meals.
• Domiciliary care services can offer support with cleaning, shopping, help with managing money etc.

Professionals

• Social workers can provide one to one support to the elderly and working age adults who have learning difficulties, physical or mental health problems, or addictions.
• Occupational therapists work with individuals who have conditions that are mentally, physically, developmentally, socially or emotionally disabling. They support them to develop, improve, sustain or restore the highest possible level of independence.
• Physiotherapists can treat issues that may cause mobility problems but also offer preventative and early intervention treatments so that individuals can maintain their independence for as long as possible.
• Podiatrists can provide preventative care and treatment for a range of problems affecting the feet, ankles and lower legs. Benefitting particularly those with other major health issues such as Type 2 diabetes.
• Dieticians can help both the individual and their family or carers understand what is needed to fuel the body and provide the nutrients needed to maintain health, through the provision of tailored meal plans.
• Speech and language therapist can help mentally disabled people or those recovering from illness or injury.
• Rehabilitation officers work closely with many other healthcare professionals and agencies to assess and provide interventions to individuals with complex disabling conditions.
• GPs can provide home visits and telephone consultations for individuals unable to leave their home.
• District nurses can provide follow on care such as changing dressings.
• Older people’s mental health teams can provide support to individuals and their families suffering from dementia.
• Social workers work closely with the individual and their family to understand what is important to them and then assist in finding ways to overcome the barriers that stop the individual from living the life they desire.
• Advocates can help an individual understand what is happening and the choices they have so that they can make informed decisions. They also ensure that their rights, wants and needs are taken into account when care is being planned.
• Dentists and hygienists can visit the homes of bed-ridden patients to provide treatment.
• Optometrists can offer eye tests and treatment in the home of their patients.
• Reablement workers can offer short term support to help individuals become more independent with day to day activities such as personal care, using the toilet and taking medication.

Mae llawer o wahanol fathau o asiantaethau a gweithwyr proffesiynol sy'n gallu helpu unigolion i fyw yn eu cartrefi eu hunain.

Asiantaethau

• Mae Age UK yn cynnig amrywiaeth o wasanaethau gan gynnwys gwasanaethau cyfeillio, gwasanaethau trwsio.
• Gall cynghorau lleol dalu am addasiadau yn y cartref, ac am ofal yn y cartref yn dilyn asesiad o anghenion.
• Mae GIG Cymru yn cynnig pecyn gofal iechyd parhaus i ddiwallu anghenion iechyd corfforol a/neu feddyliol sydd wedi codi oherwydd anabledd, damwain neu salwch.
• Gall asiantaethau fel Macmillan a Marie Curie gynnig gofal lliniarol. Maent yn cynnig gofal nyrsio dros nos gan ganiatáu i unigolion aros gartref yn hytrach na mynd i ysbyty neu hosbis.
• Gall gwasanaethau pryd ar glud ddarparu prydau bwyd rheolaidd a maethlon i unigolion.
• Gall gwasanaethau gofal cartref gynnig cymorth i lanhau, siopa, helpu i reoli arian ac ati.

Gweithwyr proffesiynol

• Gall gweithwyr cymdeithasol ddarparu cymorth un-i-un i'r henoed ac oedolion o oedran gweithio sydd ag anawsterau dysgu, problemau iechyd corfforol neu iechyd meddwl, neu gaethiwed.
• Mae therapyddion galwedigaethol yn gweithio gydag unigolion sydd â chyflyrau sydd yn anablu'n feddyliol, yn gorfforol, yn ddatblygiadol, yn gymdeithasol neu'n emosiynol. Maen nhw'n eu cynorthwyo i ddatblygu, gwella, cynnal neu adfer y lefel uchaf bosib o annibyniaeth.
• Gall ffisiotherapyddion drin materion a allai achosi problemau symudedd, ond maent hefyd yn cynnig triniaethau ataliol ac ymyrraeth gynnar fel y gall unigolion gynnal eu hannibyniaeth am gyhyd â phosibl.
• Gall podiatregwyr ddarparu gofal ataliol a thriniaeth ar gyfer amrywiaeth o broblemau sy'n effeithio'r traed, y fferau a'r coesau is. Gan fod o fudd yn arbennig i rai â phroblemau iechyd mawr eraill fel diabetes Math 2.
• Gall deietegwyr helpu'r unigolyn a'i deulu neu ofalwyr i ddeall yr hyn sydd ei angen i roi tanwydd i'r corff a darparu'r maetholion sydd eu hangen i gynnal iechyd, drwy ddarparu cynlluniau prydau wedi'u teilwra.
• Gall therapydd iaith a lleferydd helpu pobl ag anabledd meddwl neu rai sy'n gwella o salwch neu anaf.
• Mae swyddogion adsefydlu yn gweithio'n agos gyda llawer o weithwyr gofal iechyd proffesiynol ac asiantaethau eraill i asesu a darparu ymyriadau i unigolion sydd â chyflyrau sydd ag anabledd cymhleth.
• Gall meddygon teulu ddarparu ymweliadau cartref ac ymgynghoriadau dros y ffôn ar gyfer unigolion nad ydynt yn gallu gadael eu cartref.
• Gall nyrsys ardal ddarparu gofal dilynol megis newid gorchuddion.
• Gall timau iechyd meddwl pobl hŷn roi cymorth i unigolion a'u teuluoedd sy'n dioddef o ddementia.
• Mae gweithwyr cymdeithasol yn gweithio'n agos gyda'r unigolyn a'i deulu i ddeall beth sy'n bwysig iddynt ac yna helpu i ddod o hyd i ffyrdd o oresgyn y rhwystrau sy'n atal yr unigolyn rhag byw'r bywyd y mae'n ei ddymuno.
• Gall eiriolwyr helpu unigolyn i ddeall beth sy'n digwydd a'r dewisiadau sydd ganddynt fel y gallant wneud penderfyniadau gwybodus. Maent hefyd yn sicrhau bod eu hawliau, eu dymuniadau a'u hanghenion yn cael eu hystyried wrth gynllunio gofal.
• Mae deintyddion a hylenwyr yn gallu ymweld â chartrefi cleifion gorweddog i ddarparu triniaeth.
• Gall optometryddion gynnig profion llygaid a thriniaeth yng nghartref eu cleifion.
• Gall gweithwyr ail-alluogi gynnig cymorth tymor byr i helpu unigolion i fod yn fwy annibynnol gyda gweithgareddau o ddydd i ddydd megis gofal personol, defnyddio’r toiled a chymryd meddyginiaeth.

The more help and support families/carers can provide then the less impact that will have on the resources that other services provide.

Care can be more personal, families/carers can share information that is vital to planning some of the services the individual might need, for example, knowing more about the changes that have occurred that have led to the individual needing some care and support at home.

They can provide both practical and emotional support for the individual and enable them to continue feeling safe and secure when receiving care in their own home.

Families/cares can take on some of the less physical aspects of care like shopping, financial support such as budgeting, taking the individual to appointments and checking that they are safe.

Po fwyaf o help a chefnogaeth y gall teuluoedd/gofalwyr ei ddarparu yna'r llai o effaith a gaiff ar yr adnoddau y mae gwasanaethau eraill yn eu darparu.

Gall gofal fod yn fwy personol, gall teuluoedd/gofalwyr rannu gwybodaeth sy'n hanfodol i gynllunio rhai o'r gwasanaethau y gallai fod eu hangen ar yr unigolyn, er enghraifft, gwybod mwy am y newidiadau sydd wedi digwydd sydd wedi arwain at yr angen am rhywfaint o ofal a chymorth yn y cartref.

Gallant ddarparu cymorth ymarferol ac emosiynol i'r unigolyn a'i alluogi i barhau i deimlo'n ddiogel wrth dderbyn gofal yn ei gartref ei hun.

Gall teuluoedd/gofalwyr ddilyn rhai o'r agweddau llai corfforol ar ofal fel siopa, cymorth ariannol megis cyllidebu, mynd â'r unigolyn i apwyntiadau a gwirio eu bod yn ddiogel.

Carers play an important role in supporting individuals to live at home.

The Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014 puts a duty on local councils to consider the support needs of carers.

https://bit.ly/2I8wpUn

Under the new Act individuals no longer need to be providing a substantial amount of care on a regular basis to be recognised as someone’s carer.

Carers now have an equal right to assessment for support as the individual they care for. They will also have more say about what support they need and where that support comes from.

They also have the right to say whether they are able or willing to continue caring for an individual.

Mae gofalwyr yn chwarae rhan bwysig yn y gwaith o gefnogi unigolion i fyw gartref.

Mae Deddf Gwasanaethau Cymdeithasol a Llesiant (Cymru) 2014 yn gosod dyletswydd ar gynghorau lleol i ystyried anghenion gofalwyr o ran cymorth.

https://bit.ly/2JDZru1

O dan y Ddeddf newydd, nid oes angen i unigolion ddarparu llawer o ofal yn rheolaidd mwyach i gael ei gydnabod fel gofalwr rhywun.

Erbyn hyn mae gan ofalwyr hawl gyfartal i asesiad am gymorth â'r unigolyn y maent yn gofalu amdano. Byddant hefyd yn cael mwy o lais ynghylch pa gymorth sydd angen arnynt ac o ble y daw'r cymorth hwnnw.

Mae ganddynt hefyd yr hawl i ddweud a ydynt yn gallu neu'n fodlon parhau i ofalu am unigolyn.