Emotional development

Datblygiad emosiynol

Happy children

Emotional development includes:

  • bonding
  • positive or insecure attachments
  • socialisation
  • self-concept
  • attachment
  • self-esteem
  • self-confidence.

Mae datblygiad emosiynol yn cynnwys:

  • bondio
  • ymlyniadau cadarnhaol neu ansicr
  • cymdeithasoli
  • hunangysyniad
  • ymlyniad
  • hunan-barch
  • hunanhyder.

Emotional development 0-10 years

Drag the emotional development to the correct age.

Datblygiad emosiynol 0-10 oed

Llusgwch y datblygiad emosiynol i'r oedran cywir.

Terms

Termau

Definitions

Diffiniadau

Correct answers

Atebion cywir

        Bonding

        Bondio

        Mother and baby bond

        Bonding is the intense attachment that develops between parents and their baby. It makes parents want to shower their baby with love and affection and to protect and care for their little one.

        It is a mother’s feeling of unconditional love for her newborn child. For some women it can happen instantly, while for others it can take some time to feel that bond. Postnatal depression can affect how a mother bonds with her baby.

        Experts say that early bonding between a parent and baby influences the baby’s response to stress, learning behaviours and social skills.

        Bondio yw’r ymlyniad dwys sy’n datblygu rhwng rhieni a’u baban. Mae’n gwneud i rieni deimlo eu bod am lwytho eu baban â chariad ac anwyldeb a diogelu a gofalu am yr un bach.

        Mae’n ymwneud â theimlad o gariad diamod mam tuag at ei baban newydd. I rai menywod, gall ddigwydd yn syth, ond gall gymryd peth amser i eraill deimlo'r bond hwnnw. Gall iselder ôl-eni effeithio ar y ffordd y mae mam yn bondio â’i baban.

        Mae arbenigwyr yn dweud bod y bondio cynnar hwn rhwng rhiant a baban yn dylanwadu ar ymateb y baban i straen, ymddygiadau dysgu a sgiliau cymdeithasol.

        Suggested classroom activity:

        Does anyone know what is meant by attachment?

        Using traffic lights on your desk:

        RED – I have no idea

        AMBER – I think I may know but I’m not that sure

        GREEN – Yes, I know what this concept means, and I would be able to explain how attachment impacts growth and development

        Gweithgaredd awgrymedig ar gyfer yr ystafell ddosbarth:

        A oes unrhyw un yn gwybod beth a olygir gan ymlyniad?

        Gan ddefnyddio'r goleuadau traffig ar eich desg:

        COCH – Does dim syniad gen i

        OREN – Dwi'n credu fy mod i o bosibl yn gwybod ond dwi ddim yn hollol siŵr

        GWYRDD – Ydw, dwi'n gwybod beth a olygir gan y cysyniad hwn, a byddwn yn gallu esbonio sut mae ymlyniad yn effeithio ar dwf a datblygiad

        Attachment

        Ymlyniad

        6 months old

        Attachment is the emotional bond that is formed between infants, young children and their main caregiver.

        Researchers have suggested that infants are biologically pre-programmed to form attachments, i.e. infants do this automatically.

        A baby’s attachment to its mother begins immediately after birth as it responds to the love and attention it receives.

        Babies need warmth, cuddles, play, rest and food to build an emotionally strong attachment which will benefit them in later life.

        Attachments are crucial to an infant/child’s emotional well-being.

        Within early infancy, infants form one primary attachment and it is a crucial period for developing attachments.

        A secure attachment provides a baby with the best foundation for life - an eagerness to learn, a healthy self-awareness, trust and consideration for others.

        An insecure attachment fails to meet an infant’s need for safety and understanding and can lead to confusion about their own identity and difficulties in learning and relating to others in later life.

        Ystyr ymlyniad yw'r bond emosiynol a gaiff ei ffurfio rhwng babanod, plant ifanc a'u prif roddwr gofal.

        Mae ymchwilwyr wedi awgrymu bod babanod wedi'u blaenraglennu i ffurfio ymlyniadau, h.y. bod babanod yn gwneud hyn yn awtomatig.

        Mae ymlyniad baban â'i fam yn dechrau yn syth ar ôl ei eni wrth iddo ymateb i’r cariad a’r sylw a gaiff.

        Mae angen cynhesrwydd, cwtshys, chwarae, gorffwys a bwyd ar faban i feithrin ymlyniad emosiynol cryf a fydd o fudd iddo yn ddiweddarach mewn bywyd.

        Mae ymlyniadau yn hollbwysig er mwyn sicrhau llesiant emosiynol baban/plentyn.

        O fewn babandod cynnar, mae babanod yn ffurfio un prif ymlyniad ac mae'n gyfnod hollbwysig o ran datblygu ymlyniadau.

        Ymlyniad cadarn sy’n rhoi’r dechrau gorau mewn bywyd i faban - awydd i ddysgu, hunanymwybyddiaeth iach, ymddiriedaeth a’r gallu i ystyried eraill.

        Nid yw ymlyniad ansicr yn diwallu angen baban am ddiogelwch a dealltwriaeth a gall arwain at ddryswch am ei hunaniaeth ei hun ac anawsterau wrth ddysgu ac uniaethu ag eraill yn ddiweddarach mewn bywyd.

        Attachment and independence

        Ymlyniad ac annibyniaeth

        12 month old

        Studies suggest that children need to feel deeply attached to their parents to grow into successfully independent individuals.

        If children feel that they can rely on their parents for love and support if things go wrong, they are more likely to feel confident to try new things for themselves.

        Independence is about learning to do things for themselves and take responsibility for their actions.

        Children will need boundaries as they explore their independence and develop relationships. They will also need to know how to stay safe.

        Adults can help develop independence in children by allowing them to do things for themselves, such as putting on their coat, even if it does take longer.

        Children should also be allowed to make choices about what they are going to play with or wear. This is most effective if they are given two or three specific choices rather than allowing them to choose anything.

        Mae astudiaethau yn awgrymu bod angen i blant feithrin ymlyniad dwfn â’u rhieni er mwyn tyfu’n unigolion annibynnol llwyddiannus.

        Os yw plant yn teimlo y gallan nhw ddibynnu ar eu rhieni am gariad a chymorth os bydd pethau’n mynd o chwith, maen nhw’n fwy tebygol o deimlo’n hyderus i roi cynnig ar bethau newydd drostyn nhw eu hunain.

        Mae annibyniaeth yn ymwneud â dysgu sut i wneud pethau drostyn nhw eu hunain a chymryd cyfrifoldeb am eu gweithredoedd.

        Mae angen ffiniau ar blant wrth iddyn nhw archwilio eu hannibyniaeth a meithrin perthnasoedd. Bydd hefyd angen iddyn nhw wybod sut i aros yn ddiogel.

        Gall oedolion helpu i greu plant annibynnol drwy ganiatáu iddyn nhw wneud pethau drostyn nhw eu hunain, fel gwisgo cot, hyd yn oed os yw’n cymryd mwy o amser.

        Dylai plant hefyd gael dewis o ran yr hyn maen nhw’n mynd i chwarae ag ef neu’r hyn maen nhw’n mynd i’w wisgo. Mae hyn yn gweithio orau os cân nhw ddau neu dri dewis penodol, yn hytrach na gadael iddyn nhw ddewis unrhyw beth.

        Abraham’s case study

        Astudiaeth achos Abraham

        Abraham is 3 months old and lives with his mother but is sometimes looked after by a nanny, which his mother pays for.

        Describe the possible effects on Abraham’s development due to lack of attachments in infancy.

        Mae Abraham yn 3 mis oed ac mae'n byw gyda'i fam ond weithiau, mae nani yn gofalu amdano, ac mae ei fam yn talu iddi am wneud hynny.

        Disgrifiwch yr effeithiau posibl ar ddatblygiad Abraham oherwydd diffyg ymlyniadau yn ystod babandod.

        Suggested answer:

        Abraham may have difficulty in the future in forming relationships as he has not developed secure attachments with his mother. As a result, due to inconsistent parenting styles, Abraham may also suffer with anxiety.

        Ateb awgrymedig:

        Mae'n bosibl y bydd Abraham yn ei chael hi'n anodd meithrin perthnasoedd yn y dyfodol gan nad yw wedi meithrin ymlyniadau cadarn â'i fam. O ganlyniad, oherwydd arddulliau rhianta anghyson, mae'n bosibl y bydd Abraham hefyd yn dioddef gorbryder.

        Self-concept

        Hunangysyniad

        Self esteem

        There are differences between self-concept, self-esteem and self-confidence. Does anyone know the difference?

        Self-concept is the combination of self-esteem and self-confidence.

        Self-esteem is how individuals value and feel about themselves, for example, a child might think “I cannot do it, I’m not good enough”.

        Self-confidence is how individuals view themselves and this may be influenced by how they are perceived by others, e.g. a parent who rejects their child and criticises them may result in a child perceiving themselves as a failure.

        Mae gwahaniaethau rhwng hunangysyniad, hunan-barch a hunanhyder. Sut mae unrhyw un yn gwybod y gwahaniaeth?

        Mae hunangysyniad yn gyfuniad o hunan-barch a hunanhyder.

        Ystyr hunan-barch yw sut mae unigolion yn gwerthfawrogi eu hunain ac yn teimlo amdanyn nhw eu hunain, er enghraifft, gallai plentyn feddwl "alla i ddim gwneud hwn, dwi ddim yn ddigon da".

        Ystyr hunanhyder yw sut mae unigolion yn ystyried eu hunain a gall canfyddiadau pobl eraill amdanyn nhw ddylanwadu ar hynny, e.e. gall rhiant sy'n gwrthod ei blentyn ac yn ei feirniadu arwain at blentyn sy'n ystyried ei fod wedi methu.