Below is a list of particular props or elements of stagecraft in each of the plays. Clicking on the eye will reveal a comment on the significance/effect of the prop or element of stagecraft.

DUCHESS OF MALFI

Ferdinand’s poniard (dagger) — A threatening and intimidating prop. Perhaps a phallic symbol or an assertion of masculinity.

The wax figures of Antonio and his son — A prop used to torture and torment a female character.

The paper, dropped by Bosola, containing the ‘child’s nativity’ — A device used to expose a secret leading to dramatic irony and tragic consequences.

Ferdinand’s false key to the Duchess’ bedchamber — A dramatic device/prop allowing one character to overhear another’s secrets.

Lighting: the total darkness (engineered by Ferdinand) at the start of Act 4 Sc 1 — Manipulation of lighting used for powerful literal and metaphorical effect.

The ‘echo’ heard by Antonio in Act 5 Sc 3 — Sound effect used to create pathos.

The song and dance of the madmen in Act 4 Sc 2 — Music and dance used to introduce the theme of madness.
A STREETCAR NAMED DESIRE

Blanche’s paper lantern — A prop that is central to light and dark motifs.

Blanche’s luggage trunk — A prop that is used to symbolise the threat of male violence and violation.

The Varsouviana music — Music used to symbolise the threat of madness possible madness/ inner turmoil.

The bus ticket to Laurel (bought by Stanley) — A prop used to torment a vulnerable character.

The sound of the locomotive outside Stanley’s apartment — A sound effect that may be associated with ideas such as industrialisation and male dominance.

Blanche’s love letters — A prop symbolising deeply personal secrets.

The Poker cards and drink bottles — Props symbolising masculinity and the overwhelming sense of it being a ‘man’s world’.